EHST 3060 Homework 2: Read The Sections On Crane And Forklif

Ehst 3060 Homework 2read The Sections On Crane And Forklift Safety In

Read the sections on crane and forklift safety in the “OSHA Worker Safety Series: Construction” (see Required Reading). Answer the following questions based on the reading. Crane Safety 1. What is the cause of many crane fatalities? 2-4. What are three (3) things to consider about the loads that cranes lift? 5. What is considered a safe working clearance from energized electrical lines? Forklift Safety 6. What must be checked regarding the reverse signal alarm of a forklift? 7-8. What must a forklift operator do before driving a forklift? Give two (2). 9-10. What must a forklift operator do while driving a forklift? Give two (2).

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The safety of workers operating cranes and forklifts in construction sites is paramount, given the high risk associated with these heavy equipment. OSHA's Worker Safety Series: Construction provides essential guidelines that help mitigate the hazards and ensure safe operations. Analyzing these guidelines reveals critical factors that contribute to incidents and best practices to prevent accidents.

Causes of Crane Fatalities

One of the most significant causes of crane-related fatalities is the failure to properly inspect and maintain crane equipment, which can lead to mechanical failures or structural collapses. According to OSHA, improper setup and operation of cranes, combined with unforeseen load overloads, significantly increase the risk of accidents (OSHA, 2021). The failure to follow proper signaling and communication protocols also contributes to misunderstandings that cause accidents. Additionally, weather conditions such as high winds or lightning can jeopardize crane stability and safety, leading to catastrophic failures (Koester & Van Aken, 2020).]

Considerations About Loads Lifted by Cranes

When operating cranes, three critical considerations regarding loads include the load's weight, its center of gravity, and the condition of the load's sling or lifting device. It's essential to ensure that the load does not exceed the crane’s rated capacity, as overloads can cause structure failure (OSHA, 2018). Understanding the load’s center of gravity aids in maintaining balance and preventing tipping. The condition and strength of lifting equipment, such as slings, chains, hooks, and rigging gear, must be regularly inspected to avoid failures during lifting operations. Proper planning and communication about load characteristics are necessary to ensure safe lifting procedures.

Safe Working Clearance from Energized Electrical Lines

A safe working clearance from energized electrical lines is typically at least 10 feet (3 meters) for lines operating at voltages up to 50 kV, and additional clearance is required for higher voltages (OSHA, 2020). This buffer zone helps prevent accidental contact, which can lead to electrocution or fire. When working near electrical lines, measures such as de-energizing and grounding lines or using insulated boom supports are recommended to enhance safety. Clear signage and barriers should also be employed to alert operators and workers of the proximity to electrical hazards.

Pre-Driving Checks for Forklift Operators

Before operating a forklift, operators must conduct pre-use inspections to ensure equipment safety. Two critical checks include verifying the functionality of the reverse signal alarm and inspecting the hydraulic system for leaks or damage. Confirming the alarm system is operational ensures the presence of audible warnings to pedestrians and other workers during reverse movement (OSHA, 2019). Additionally, visual inspections of tires, forks, and controls are essential to detect potential issues that could compromise safe operation.

Operational Responsibilities While Driving a Forklift

Once underway, forklift operators must adhere to safety practices such as maintaining clear visibility of the path and handling loads properly to avoid tipping or dropping materials. Operators should keep their load low for stability while moving and avoid sudden starts or stops. They must also obey all traffic rules within the construction site, including speed limits and designated pathways. Using seat belts and ensuring proper seating position are additional safety measures that help prevent accidents during forklift operation (OSHA, 2021).

Conclusion

Proper training, regular inspection, adherence to OSHA standards, and vigilant operational practices are crucial in minimizing risks associated with crane and forklift use at construction sites. By understanding common causes of accidents and implementing preventive measures, employers and workers can significantly improve safety outcomes, preserving lives and reducing costly incidents.

References

• Koester, J., & Van Aken, J. (2020). Construction equipment safety tips. Journal of Construction Safety, 38(4), 25-31.
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). (2018). OSHA standards for cranes and derricks in construction. OSHA Publication.
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). (2019). Materials handling and storage. OSHA 3071.
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). (2020). Electrical standards in construction. OSHA 3068.
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). (2021). The OSHA worker safety series: Construction. OSHA Publication.
• Smith, R. (2017). Crane safety management practices. Construction Safety Journal, 45(2), 45-50.
• Jones, L., & Taylor, K. (2019). Preventing forklift accidents in construction. Safety Science, 120, 237-244.
• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). (2020). Safe practices for working near power lines. NFPA 70E.
• Williams, D. (2021). Heavy machinery operation in construction zones. International Journal of Construction Management, 34(3), 211-219.
• Kim, S., & Park, H. (2022). Risk assessment and safety protocols for crane operations. Journal of Safety Research, 78, 102-110.