Outline Of The Project 1 And Project 2

Outline Of The Project1outline Of The Project 2out

Outline of the Project

NAME OF STUDENT Rasmussen College

Author Note This paper is being submitted on DATE, for Professor Joanne Maida’s NUR1172 Nutritional Principles in Nursing course.

Outline of the Project

I. Identification of Alteration in Health

A. Definition of disease Rheumatoid Arthritis

II. Role nutrition plays in the prevention of Rheumatoid Arthritis

A. The impact on diet and health in its prevention

B. Foods that prevent this disease

III. Etiology/Progression

1. Categorized as an autoimmune disease; no prevention discovered.

2. Caused by own immune system mistakenly attacking its own body’s tissue, specifically the joints.

3. Symptoms may be due to genes, hormones, and environmental factors.

Progression

A. Symptoms

1. Tender, warm, swollen joints

2. Joint stiffness

3. Fatigue and fever

4. Weight loss

a. Loss of appetite

5. Can affect other organs and body systems

a. Eyes, mouth, skin, lungs, blood vessels and blood

B. Complications

1. Increases risk of developing other diseases

a. Osteoporosis

b. Rheumatoid nodules

c. Dry eyes and mouth

d. Infections

e. Abnormal body composition

f. Carpal tunnel syndrome

g. Heart problems

h. Lung disease

i. Lymphoma

IV. Treatment

A. Medications

1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

a. Relieve pain and reduce inflammation

2. Steroids

a. Reduce inflammation and pain and slow joint damage

3. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs)

a. Slow the progression of RA and save the joints and other tissues from permanent damage.

4. Biologic agents

a. Target parts of the immune system that trigger inflammation that causes joint and tissue damage.

Therapy

1. Exercise

a. Helps keep joints flexible

2. Heat and cold therapies

a. Heat treatments, such as heat pads or warm baths, soothe stiff joints and tired muscles.

b. Cold is best for acute pain. It can numb painful areas and reduce inflammation.

Surgery

1. Synovectomy

a. Removes the inflamed synovium (lining of the joint)

2. Tendon repair

a. Repairs tendons around your joints

3. Joint fusion

a. Surgically fusing a joint to stabilize or realign a joint and for pain relief

4. Total joint replacement

a. Removes damaged parts of joints and inserts a prosthesis

V. Recommended Diet

A. Anti-inflammatory diets and healthy eating

1. Foods rich in antioxidants that can help control and reduce inflammation

a. Fish, vegetables, fruits, olive oil

2. Eliminate or significantly reduce processed and fast foods that fuel inflammation

3. Supplements help with pain and morning stiffness

a. Turmeric and Omega-3 fish oil

VI. Nursing Assessment/Interventions

A. History and physical exam

B. Lab work tests

C. Extra-articular changes

D. Relieving pain and discomfort

1. Comfort measures

2. Medication

3. Anti-inflammatory diet

VII. Education

1. Facilitating self-care

2. Establish goals

3. Teaching points

4. Continuing care

VIII. Adherence

1. Identify any barriers in regards to nutrition

a. Low income

b. Side effects from medications

c. Psycho-social factors that can impact

References

  • Belleza, M. (2017, February 23). Rheumatoid arthritis. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5543478/
  • Rheumatoid arthritis. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rheumatoid-arthritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350297
  • Rheumatoid arthritis. (2017, August 09). Retrieved from https://www.hopkinsarthritis.org/arthritis-info/rheumatoid-arthritis/
  • What is rheumatoid arthritis? (n.d.). Retrieved from https://arthritis.org/diseases/rheumatoid-arthritis/
  • Firestein, G. S. (2017). Evolving concepts of rheumatoid arthritis. Nature, 445(7134), 927–933. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05661
  • McInnes, I. B., & Schett, G. (2017). Pathogenetic insights from the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The Lancet, 389(10076), 2328–2337. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30551-4
  • Symmons, D. P. M., & Silman, A. J. (2018). The epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology, 57(4), 531–538. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kex324
  • Taylor, P. C. (2018). Advances in understanding and managing rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology Advances in Practice, 2(1), rky004. https://doi.org/10.1093/rap/rky004
  • Bokor, J. P. (2018). Nutrition and rheumatoid arthritis: A review. Journal of Rheumatic Diseases & Treatment, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.15406/jrdt.2018.04.00099
  • Klareskog, L., et al. (2016). Rheumatoid arthritis. The Lancet, 388(10055), 2023–2038. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30951-4

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