Please Watch The Following Video And Answer The Question

Please Watch Following Video And Answer The Following Questionshow To

Please watch the following videos and answer the questions below:

- For depression: Name 5 symptoms of depression. What are some symptoms that may be different in children or adolescents? How long do the symptoms need to last to get a diagnosis for depression?

- For Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder: How does personality affect mental illness? What are some characteristics of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)? How many characteristics does someone need to have to be diagnosed with BPD? What are the main differences between BPD and Bipolar Disorder, and how do their treatments differ?

- For ADHD: What are some symptoms of ADHD? What are some known causes for ADHD? What happens to the normal thought process for people with ADHD?

- For Anxiety: What is the difference between worry and anxiety? What are some physical symptoms of anxiety? What are the treatment options for anxiety?

Paper For Above instruction

The provided set of videos covers critical aspects of mental health disorders, including depression, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, ADHD, and anxiety. This comprehensive review aims to synthesize the key points from these educational resources, explaining their symptoms, causes, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options. Understanding these mental health issues is essential for reducing stigma, promoting early diagnosis, and improving treatment outcomes.

Depression

Depression, or major depressive disorder, manifests through a variety of symptoms that impair daily functioning. Five common symptoms include persistent feelings of sadness or emptiness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances (insomnia or hypersomnia), and fatigue or loss of energy (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). In children and adolescents, symptoms may differ slightly, with irritability, social withdrawal, and academic decline being prominent signs (Birmaher et al., 2007). To qualify for a diagnosis, these symptoms must persist most of the day, nearly every day, for at least two weeks, and cause significant distress or impairment (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder

Personality significantly influences how mental illnesses manifest and are managed. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by intense emotional instability, impulsivity, fear of abandonment, identity disturbances, and unstable interpersonal relationships (Lieb et al., 2004). A diagnosis of BPD typically requires the presence of at least five of nine criteria outlined in DSM-5, including frantic efforts to avoid abandonment, inappropriate anger, and chronic feelings of emptiness (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). While BPD involves pervasive patterns of instability and intense emotions, bipolar disorder features episodic shifts between depressive and manic or hypomanic states. Treatment for BPD often involves psychotherapy, such as dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), focusing on emotion regulation and interpersonal effectiveness, whereas bipolar disorder primarily requires mood stabilizers and antipsychotic medications (Stoffers et al., 2016).

ADHD

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) presents through symptoms such as inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Individuals may struggle to sustain attention, organize tasks, and control impulses. Causes for ADHD are multifactorial, involving genetic predispositions, neurochemical imbalances, and environmental factors such as prenatal exposure to toxins (Faraone et al., 2015). Neuroimaging studies reveal that individuals with ADHD exhibit delayed brain maturation, affecting the prefrontal cortex involved in executive functions. This delay impairs typical thought processes, leading to difficulties in planning, impulse control, and sustained attention (Castellanos & Tannock, 2002).

Anxiety Disorders

Worry is a normal emotional response to stress, but anxiety becomes problematic when it is excessive and persistent, interfering with daily life. Anxiety involves physical symptoms such as increased heart rate, muscle tension, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, and gastrointestinal discomfort (Craske et al., 2017). Treatment options include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which helps modify maladaptive thought patterns, and pharmacological interventions like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Lifestyle modifications, mindfulness practices, and relaxation techniques also play supportive roles in managing anxiety symptoms effectively.

In summary, mental health disorders encompass a broad spectrum of conditions with distinct symptoms, causes, and treatments. Recognizing early signs and understanding treatment options are crucial steps toward effective management and improved quality of life for affected individuals.

References

• American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.
• Birmaher, B., Brent, D., Bernet, W., et al. (2007). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with depressive disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 46(11), 1503–1526.
• Castellanos, F. X., & Tannock, R. (2002). Neuroscience of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: The search for endophenotypes. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 3(8), 617–628.
• Craske, M. G., Stein, M. B., & Roy-Byrne, P. (2017). Anxiety disorders. In S. R. H. Wilcox & L. E. Breslin (Eds.), The Wiley Handbook of Anxiety Disorders (pp. 13–31). Wiley.
• Faraone, S. V., Asherson, P., Biederman, J., et al. (2015). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 1, 15020.
• Lieb, K., Zanarini, M. C., Schmahl, C., et al. (2004). Borderline personality disorder. The Lancet, 364(9432), 453–461.
• Stoffers, G. M., Lieb, K., Völlm, B. A., et al. (2016). Psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (5), CD004694.