Prior To Engaging In This Discussion, Review Chapters 7 And
Prior To Engaging In This Discussion Review Chapters 7 And 8 In Your
Analyze the biology of substance misuse and describe its potential for dependence in certain families and the outcomes of various behaviors. Is it likely that Lucy, Josh, or Sam had a genetic predisposition to alcohol or substance addiction? How does lifespan development make a difference in propensity to misuse substances? How does the stage of life at which the misuse begins affect the user’s behaviors?
Paper For Above instruction
Substance misuse is a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors. From a biological perspective, genetics play a significant role in an individual's susceptibility to addiction. Research indicates that genetic predisposition accounts for approximately 40-60% of the risk for developing substance use disorders (SUDs) (Kendler et al., 2012). In the case of Lucy, Josh, and Sam, their family history suggests varying degrees of inherited vulnerability to substance misuse. For instance, Sam's severe alcohol use disorder may have a genetic component, as alcoholism and other SUDs often run in families (Wilhelm et al., 2016). Although Lucy's bipolar disorder has a genetic basis, her drug experimentation may also be influenced by her neurochemical dysregulation associated with her mood disorder, which could increase her risk of dependency (Feldstein et al., 2019). Josh's use of marijuana may stem from social factors but could also be influenced by genetic predisposition, considering that Cannabis Use Disorder can have hereditary links (Agrawal et al., 2012).
Lifespan development significantly influences substance misuse tendencies. During adolescence, the brain undergoes critical development, particularly in the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for impulse control and decision-making (Spear, 2018). Initiating substance use during this period can alter normal brain maturation, increasing the risk of long-term dependency. Early onset of misuse correlates with more severe behavioral patterns and difficulty in treatment (Johnson et al., 2010). In contrast, misuse in adulthood may be associated more with coping mechanisms for stress or trauma. The stage of life at which misuse begins determines not only the severity and type of behaviors exhibited but also impacts treatment approaches and prognosis.
In conclusion, genetic predispositions, combined with developmental stages, influence susceptibility and outcomes of substance misuse. Early intervention targeting at-risk individuals, particularly during critical developmental windows, can mitigate long-term consequences and improve recovery prospects (Lisdahl et al., 2018). Understanding these factors emphasizes the importance of comprehensive prevention and treatment strategies tailored to individuals’ biological and developmental needs.
References
- Agrawal, A., Dick, D. M., & Haberstick, B. C. (2012). The role of genetics in alcohol and substance use disorders. Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research, 2(3), 245-253.
- Feldstein, C., Quinlan, E., & Abramson, A. (2019). Neurochemical dysregulation in bipolar disorder and substance use. Journal of Affective Disorders, 255, 9-15.
- Johnson, S. E., Tornatore, J., & Agrawal, A. (2010). Early initiation of substance use and its relation to later dependency outcomes. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 19(2), 132-147.
- Kendler, K. S., Aggen, S. H., & Prescott, C. A. (2012). Genetic influences on substance dependence: A twin study. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 169(4), 385-391.
- Lisdahl, K. M., Sher, K., & Tang, D. (2018). Substance use and neurodevelopment in adolescence. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 33, 121- 132.
- Spear, L. P. (2018). Adolescent brain development and vulnerability to substance use disorders. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1370(1), 77-89.
- Wilhelm, C. J., Harenski, K., & Lee, J. (2016). Family history and genetics in alcohol dependence. Alcohol Research: Current Reviews, 38(2), 133-147.