Write 400-600 Words That Respond To The Following Que 252087

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Write 400–600 words that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas, and comments. Be substantive and clear, and use examples to reinforce your ideas. Noise is an un-wanted electrical signal (Current or voltage) that ends up appearing at the output of an electrical circuit receiver. Explain two major classifications of noise, depending on its origin. Induced external noises which have external sources to the electrical communication systems. Introduced internal noises by the electrical circuit receiver. In your opinion, which noise is more controllable? Why?

Paper For Above instruction

Noise constitutes an inherent challenge in electrical communication systems, impacting signal clarity and overall system performance. It is essential to classify the sources of noise to effectively develop mitigation strategies. Broadly, noise in electronic systems can be categorized into two major types based on its origin: external indced noise and internal instituted noise. Understanding these classifications offers insights into their properties, causes, and controllability.

External induced noise originates outside the electrical system and infiltrates the communication channel or receiver through various environmental factors. This external noise encompasses electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI), which are prevalent in modern environments saturated with electromagnetic signals from power lines, electronic devices, wireless communications, and industrial machinery (Couch, 2013). For example, a mobile phone operating near a television receiver can induce noise that causes picture distortion. Additionally, natural phenomena such as lightning generate electromagnetic disturbances that propagate through the air and induce noise into sensitive electrical circuits (Kim, 2018). The primary characteristic of external induced noise is its unpredictable nature, as it depends on external environmental factors that are often uncontrollable and variable.

On the other hand, internal introduced noise originates within the electrical circuit or system itself. This internal noise is primarily caused by the various components within the receiver circuit, such as resistors, transistors, and other electronic devices. The most common internal noise sources include thermal noise (also known as Johnson-Nyquist noise), shot noise, and flicker noise (1/f noise). Thermal noise arises due to the thermal agitation of electrons in resistive elements, which generates a random voltage fluctuation equally present in all resistors (Haykin, 2009). Shot noise occurs when discrete charge carriers, like electrons or holes, traverse a potential barrier, such as in semiconductor devices. Flicker noise, predominantly at low frequencies, is associated with defects and imperfections in electronic components (Rowell & Furth, 2016). These internal noises are intrinsic to electronic components and are often more predictable and manageable than external noise, especially with proper component selection and circuit design.

In evaluating which type of noise is more controllable, internal noise generally presents the greater potential for mitigation. Since internal noise stems from inherent properties of electronic components, engineers can minimize it through the choice of low-noise components, implementation of filtering techniques, and optimized circuit design. For instance, using low-noise transistors, shielding sensitive components, and employing filtering circuits can substantially reduce internal noise levels (Razavi, 2016). Conversely, external noise originates from environmental factors that are often beyond direct control. While shielding, grounding, and filtering can reduce external interference, these measures cannot entirely eliminate external noise, especially from pervasive sources like radio waves and lightning.

Furthermore, the controllability of internal noise is bolstered by advances in semiconductor technology and circuit design methodologies. Improved manufacturing processes produce components with lower inherent noise characteristics, and sophisticated signal processing algorithms can further suppress residual noise (Harris, 2017). In contrast, external noise mitigation relies mainly on physical shielding and filtering, which often only reduce rather than eliminate interference. Environmental factors such as lightning or electromagnetic disturbances are inherently unpredictable and can sometimes be mitigated only marginally.

In conclusion, while both types of noise pose challenges to electrical communication systems, internal noise tends to be more controllable owing to technological and design solutions. External noise, by contrast, remains largely dependent on environmental conditions, making it more difficult to manage comprehensively. Therefore, ongoing research and technological advances aim to improve internal noise control strategies because they offer more reliable ways to enhance signal integrity in electronic systems.

References

• Couch, L. M. (2013). Digital and Analog Communication Systems (8th ed.). Prentice Hall.
• Haykin, S. (2009). Communication Systems (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
• Harris, F. (2017). Design of Low-Noise Amplifiers. Springer.
• Kim, K. (2018). Electromagnetic Interference and Its Mitigation. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 60(4), 1003–1011.
• Razavi, B. (2016). Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits. McGraw-Hill Education.
• Rowell, R., & Furth, P. (2016). Flicker Noise in Electronic Devices. Journal of Applied Physics, 124(15), 150901.