BMIS 325 Module Week 5 Homework Assignment Chapter 7
BMIS 325 Module/Week 5 Homework Assignment Chapter 7 Homework PART 1
Identify the functional dependencies from the provided table. Then, fill in the provided table with data that is completely un-normalized and then normalized to 1NF. Next, analyze the table to satisfy 2NF and identify primary keys. Consider additional functional dependencies and normalize further to 3NF. Finally, identify foreign keys in the resulting tables.
Answer questions related to historical U.S. constitutional law, political events, and cultural themes, such as the Nullification Theory, Gibbons v. Ogden, Erie Canal benefits, political scandals, and the development of American culture during 1800-1860. Respond with at least 200 words for the contextual questions, citing the textbook. For multiple-choice questions, choose the most correct answer. For matching and short-answer questions, provide the appropriate responses, including primary keys, table modifications, and key concepts, with clear explanations.
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The analysis of functional dependencies within relational databases forms a critical foundation for normalization, which ensures data integrity and minimizes redundancy. From the provided table, the dependencies such as StdSSN → StdCity, StdClass and OfferNo → OffTerm, OffYear, CourseNo, CrsDesc dictate how data elements relate and how tables need to be constructed to conform to normalization rules. Recognizing these dependencies allows for the creation of tables that satisfy the various normal forms, particularly moving from un-normalized data to 1NF, 2NF, and 3NF.
In the un-normalized state, data often contains repeating groups and redundancy. For example, multiple courses associated with the same student result in data repetition that violates 1NF, which requires atomicity. Converting to 1NF involves restructuring data so that each field contains only indivisible values, which makes the data manageable and consistent. Moving to 2NF involves removing partial dependencies—those dependent on only a part of the composite primary key—by creating separate tables for related data. For example, Student information and course details are separated into distinct tables with their primary keys. Achieving 3NF requires eliminating transitive dependencies, ensuring every non-primary attribute depends solely on the primary key and not on other non-key attributes. This often involves decomposing tables further to eliminate such dependencies, ensuring functional dependencies are solely on candidate keys.
The concept extends further when additional functional dependencies are introduced, such as CourseNo → CrsDesc. This dependency indicates that course descriptions depend only on the course number, suggesting the need to create a separate Course table. To comply with 3NF, the Course table is constructed with CourseNo as the primary key and CrsDesc as a non-key attribute. The original table must then be adjusted to reference CourseNo via foreign keys, maintaining referential integrity.
The process of normalization exemplifies the importance of understanding relationships and dependencies within data to optimize database design. Proper normalization not only facilitates efficient data retrieval but also simplifies maintenance and updates, allowing databases to scale and adapt over time without anomalies or inconsistencies. Therefore, recognizing functional dependencies, normal forms, and key constraints is essential for designing robust relational databases that serve the needs of dynamic organizational environments.