I Will Provide Network Address Pick A Network Address From T
I Will Provide Network Addresspick A Network Address From The List Bel
I will provide network Address pick a network address from the list below. Everybody must pick a unique network address and number of subnet. Please reply to the Subnetting Discussion Topic under Week 3 Discussions with your selection. Don’t select a network address that somebody else already selected. For each of them, I need the following information: · The new subnet mask after the subnetting (10%) · The following information for the four subnets identified: · Subnet’s network address (3%) · Subnet’s broadcast address (3%) · Subnet’s range of available IP addresses (4%) · The calculations on how you get to the answers (50%). This is very important. If you don't provide the calculations or the way you get the answer, you will lose 50%. Your goal is to subnet them with as little subnet as possible but still meeting the requirement. In other word, maximize the number of hosts that is available for each subnet.
Paper For Above instruction
This assignment requires a detailed subnetting analysis of a given network address to identify four subnets, including the calculation of subnet masks, network addresses, broadcast addresses, and valid IP ranges. The goal is to optimize subnetting to maximize the number of hosts per subnet while using the minimal number of subnet bits, which is a classic challenge in network design. In this paper, I will demonstrate how to perform subnetting step-by-step, using an example network address, and how to derive the necessary subnetting parameters.
Introduction
Subnetting is a method of dividing a larger network into smaller, manageable subnetworks or subnets. It allows network administrators to improve network performance, enhance security, and optimize IP address utilization. The process involves borrowing bits from the host portion of the IP address to create additional network bits, enabling multiple subnets within a single network address space. Efficient subnetting requires careful calculation of the subnet mask, network addresses, broadcast addresses, and valid IP ranges for each subnet, especially when aiming to maximize the number of hosts per subnet.
Step 1: Selecting the Network Address and Initial Considerations
Let's assume the network address provided for this example is 192.168.0.0 /24. The /24 prefix indicates a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, allowing 256 total IP addresses, with 254 usable for hosts. Our goal is to divide this network into four smaller subnets while maximizing host capacity in each subnet. To do so, we need to determine the number of bits to borrow from the host portion to form the necessary subnets.
Step 2: Determining the Number of Subnets and Borrowed Bits
Since we need four subnets, we analyze the number of bits to borrow from the host bits. The number of subnets created is 2ʙ, where ʙ is the number of borrowed bits. Therefore, for four subnets, ʙ = 2, because 2^2 = 4.
Starting with a /24 mask (255.255.255.0), borrowing two bits from the host portion increases the prefix length to /26 (255.255.255.192). The new subnet mask becomes:
New subnet mask: 255.255.255.192 (or /26)
Step 3: Calculating the Subnet Details
Subnet Mask
The new subnet mask after subnetting is 255.255.255.192, providing 4 subnets with 62 hosts each (since 2^6 - 2 = 62). The calculation involves understanding the number of bits allocated for hosts:
- Number of host bits: 6 (since /26 has 32-26=6 bits for hosts)
- Number of host addresses per subnet: 2^6 = 64
- Usable IP addresses per subnet: 64 - 2 = 62 (subtract network and broadcast addresses)
Subnet Network, Broadcast Address, and IP Range Calculations
The subnets are created by incrementing the network address in blocks determined by the number of host bits, i.e., 64 IP addresses per subnet. The network addresses for each subnet are:
- 192.168.0.0 /26
- 192.168.0.64 /26
- 192.168.0.128 /26
- 192.168.0.192 /26
Corresponding broadcast addresses are one less than the start of the next subnet's network address:
- 192.168.0.63
- 192.168.0.127
- 192.168.0.191
- 192.168.0.255
The IP address ranges for the usable hosts are calculated by incrementing from the network address +1 to the broadcast address -1 within each subnet:
- 192.168.0.1 to 192.168.0.62
- 192.168.0.65 to 192.168.0.126
- 192.168.0.129 to 192.168.0.190
- 192.168.0.193 to 192.168.0.254
Step 4: Summarizing the Subnetting Process and Calculations
The calculations involved in this subnetting process include determining the number of bits borrowed (2 bits), adjusting the subnet mask accordingly, and then computing the network and broadcast addresses for each subnet by applying binary addition techniques and subnetting formulas. For example, for the first subnet:
- Network address: 192.168.0.0 (binary: 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000000)
- Increment in network addresses per subnet: 64 (derived from 2^6)
- Broadcast address: network address + 63 (binary addition)
Conclusion
By carefully calculating the number of bits to borrow and applying binary arithmetic, we can efficiently subnet a large network into smaller subnets with maximized host capacity. The key is balancing the number of subnets required with the number of hosts needed in each, which is achieved through the proper selection of subnet masks and detailed calculations. This method ensures optimal IP utilization while maintaining network scalability and security.
References
- Comer, D. E. (2018). Internetworking with TCP/IP: Principles, Protocols, and Architecture (6th ed.). Pearson.
- Kurose, J. F., & Ross, K. W. (2020). Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th ed.). Pearson.
- Leon-Garcia, A., & Widjaja, I. (2014). Communication Networks (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
- Odom, W. (2014). CCNA Routing and Switching 200-120 Official Cert Guide. Cisco Press.
- Peterson, L. L., & Davie, B. S. (2011). Computer Networks: A Systems Approach (5th ed.). Morgan Kaufmann.
- Tanenbaum, A. S., & Wetherall, D. J. (2011). Computer Networks (5th ed.). Pearson.
- Forouzan, B. A. (2013). Data Communications and Networking (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
- Huczynski, A. (2016). Network Fundamentals and Routing. Wiley.
- Standards and RFCs. (2020). IETF RFC 791: Internet Protocol. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc791
- Cisco. (2021). Subnetting Cheat Sheet. Cisco Networking Academy.